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Capacitance, amplifier transformer, 147, 150, 164, 166, 196, 211, 216

calculation, 170, 176, 211, 219, 311

distributed, 104, 179, 232, 312, 324

effective, 171, 220, 302, 321

filament transformer, 67

filter, 64, 117, 125, 134

layer-to-layer, 171, 176, 215

measurement, 173, 324

pulse transformer, 294, 298, ЗИ, 320

reactor, 103, 233

rectifier anode transformer, 118

vacuum tube, 174, 216 Capacitive current, 166, 244, 252, 308, 313

Capacitive reactance (Xc), 116, 123

transformer, 150, 159 Capacitor charging current, 63, 112 Capacitor effect, 123 Capacitor-input filters, 63, 126 Carrier frequency, 214, 255 Cathode follower, 181, 199, 213 ( Center tap, anode transformer, 75 Characteristic (;urves, amplifier anode, 155, 169

rectifier, 61 Characteristi< impedance, 145, 184 Choke, see Reactor Class (of amplifier), 142, 163 Class A grid load, 147, 150, 174 Clearance, coil, 38, 71, 77, 311 Clipping, 292 Coaxial coils, 215, 228 Coefficient of coupling, 224, 234, 330 (>)ercive force, 23, 310 Coil bulging, 38 (oil clearance, 38, 73 Coil form, 38, 73, 79 Coil insulation, 35

Coil interleaving, 75, 164, 171, 212, 219, 321

Coil orientation, 203

Coil resonant frequency, 151,174,232, 314

Coil section, anode transformer, 75

balanced windings, 164

filament transformer, 72

low layer voltage, 212

pulse transformer, 321

symmetry, 219, 222 Coil taping, 46 Coils, treatment of, 49 Combined anode and filament transformer, 79 Commutation reactance, 120, 128 Concentric windings, 38, 72, 75, 79, 84, 164, 171 212 219, 321

Conpernik, 34

Control circuit, thvratron, 241 Copper loss, 55, 73, 78, 84, 109, 213, 290, 322

Copper weight, calculation, 73 Core area, reactor, 91, 289

transformer, 10, 70, 75, 171, 175, 211, 317

Core dimensions, 72, S3, 85, 91, 175, 289, 320

Core gap, 19, 88, 175, 189, 211, 285, 309 Core gap loss, 190, 200, 213 Core loss, 55, 73, 81, 313

curve, 27, 29, 32, 81, 188, 216, 218

400 and 800 cycles, 81

high frequency, 216, 218

oscillator, 202, 212 ()re-loss current, 9 Core saturation, 92, 198, 247, 259, 309 Core tongue, 17, 72, 164 Core-type transformer, 18, 164, 204, 311, 321

Core window, 17

Core window height, 18, 101, 248 Cores, type C, assemblies, 20

description, 18 Corona, audible, 14

effects, 50

measurement, 14

tests, 44, 110

voltage, 73 Coupling, critical, 226 CoupUng capacitor, 192, 200, 209 Coupling coefficient (k), 224, 234, 330 Coupling, inductive, 224, 234 Creepage curves, oil, 52 Oeepage distanc(\ air, 46, 48 Cross-connected coils, 249 Current, magnetizing, 9, 26, 130, 161,

199, 253, 299, 336 Current density, curve for, 35, 86 Current distribution, coil, 151, 234, 312 Current feedback, 181, 209 Currcnt inrush, 130

Current interruption, 103, 132, 196, 252 Current-limiting transformer, 248 Current transductors, 272 Current wave form, 10, 16, 63, 120, 244,

261, 315, 339, 343 Cut-off, amplifier, 140, 269 frequency, 182, 193

Decibels, 144 attenuation, 183 frequency respcnise, 145 hum reduction, 205



Deflection coil, 340, 342 Degeneration, 330 Demodulation, 254 Design, amplifier transformer, 174

anode transformer, 77

audio oscillator, 212

audio transformer, 175, 211

carrier-frequency transformer, 221

cathode follower, 213

800-cycle transformer, 82

filament transformer, 71

magnetic amplifier, 265, 285, 288

modulation transformer, 211

pulse transformer, 317

reactor, 97 Design charts, 3, 84, 99, 136 Dielectric constant, 45, 172 Dielectric loss, 314 Dielectric strength, 43 Dimensions, aircraft apparatus, 81

coil, 38, 72

core, 72, 83, 91, 175, 289, 320

lamination, 55 Diode, 254, 331, 343 D-c flux, tiansformcr core, 105 Distortion, see Harmonic distortion Driver transformer, 199 Droop, pulse top, 297, 317

Eddy current, 23 Eddy-current loss, 9, 220 Efficiency, 14, 143

pulse transformer, 313

vs. rating, 54 Enamel wire, 2, 36 Pnclosure, degree of, 22 End cases, 22, 54

Equivalent air gap, alternate stacking, 99 Ecjuivalent circuit, amplifier, 141, 147, 170, 197

high magnetizing current, 11

plate modulation, 193, 197

pulse amplifier, 294

resistive load, 7 Equivalent impedance, 9, 192, 225

load, 8

Equivalent rcsi.stance, core-loss, 7, 9, 104, 147, 334

secondary load, 225

shunt and series, 189 Equivalent sphere, radius of, 57 Excitation volt-amperes, 28, 32 Exciter chokes, 200 Inciting current, 6, 9, 260, 269 Extension, insulation, 52

lead wire, 42

False echoes, 333 Feedback, inverse, 178, 209

magnetic amplifier, 268, 270 Ferrite, 33, 34, 217

Filament transformers, current limiting, 69, 248

design, 70

insulation, 67

low capac;itance, 67

multiwinding, 70, 88

regulation, 72 Filament voltage, 73 Filter, a-c line, 129

attenuation, Ul, 183

band-pass, 186

capacitor. 111, 182

capatitor effect, 123

capacitor-input, 63, 118, 243

characteristic impedance, 184

constant-K, 185

cut-off frequency, 182

design charts, 136

half-sections, 184

high-pass, 192

image impedance, 184

inductor design, 78

insertion loss, 185

key click, 131

keying, 96, 130

limitations, 184

load impedance, 184

low-pass, 182, 196

multistage, 114

oscillations, 128, 130

phase shift, 185

pi-section, 183, 192, 196

reactor-input, 62, 112, 240

rectifier. 111

rectifier, tuned, 127

series-tuned, 127

shunt-tuned, 127

source impedance, 185

T-section, 183

termination, 184

voltage drops, 118, 124

wave, 182 Filter charts, 133 Filter current, 125, 134 Fine wire corrosion, 22 Firing angle, 238, 274 Flat-top pulse, 294, 303, 325, 333 Flux, time variation of, 5, 247, 276 Flux density, see Induction Flux fringing, 97, 101, 190, 249 Flux Unkage, 1, 4, 76, 97



Flux path, current-limiting transformer, 248 divided, 17

peaking transformer, 246

pulse transformer, 310

reactor, 88, 262, 276 Flux penetration, 309 Fourier integral, 293 Fourier series, 114, 162 Frequency, power supply, 67, 80, 84

range, 3, 180, 222

r-f choke, 232

response, air-core transformer, 227 high-, 150, 196, 214, 306 low-, 146, 194, 305 zones, gage for various, 30 Full-wave rectifier, 63, 113, 240 Functional evaluation, 51 Fundamental transformer equation, 5

Gap, core, 88, 101, 188, 211, 285, 309 Gap loss, 191, 200, 213 Gauss, 34

Glass-covered wire, 84 Graded insulation, 75 Grain-oriented steel, core loss, 29, 77, 81, 188, 216, 309

in audio transformer, 198

in saturable rea(;tors, 33, 263

magnetization curves, 263, 286

maximum induction, 81

permeability, 29, 30, 34

saturation curve, 29, 263

thickness, 29, 81

thin-gage, 216, 286, 309, 320, 338 Grid bias voltage, 141, 238, 257, 330 Grid-controlled rectifier, 240 Grid current, 143, 199, 329 Grid excitation, 176

(jrid saturation, blocking oscillator, 330

class С oscillator, 202, 331

definition, 140

pulse amplifier, 292, 327 Grid voltage swing, 182, 212, 329

amplifier, 142

Half-wave rectifier, 63, 256, 282 Harmonic distortion, 153, 168, 178, 212

in non-linear loads, 258

measurement, 208 Harmonics, a-c line current, 128, 345

bridge, 106

magnetizing current, 161 pentode amplifier, 168 ripple, 114 Heat dissipation 54

Heat dissipation, area, 54

coil, 234 Heat run, 107 Henry, 91, 171, 21], 296 Hermetical sealing, 22 High-fidcfity modulator, 198 High-frequency current, power fine, 205 High-frequency response, 150, 196, 214, 306

High voltage, 3, 46, 67, 133, 243, 313

pulse transformer, 311, 319 Hipernik properties, 34 Hipersil, core, 34, 188, 285

eddy-current k)ss, 29

frequency zones, 30

hysteresis loss, 29

properties, 34 Hum measurement, 139 Hum reduction, 179, 204 Hum voltage, see Ripple Hybrid coil, 206

Hysteresis loop, 23, 24, 275, 277, 286

pulse, 308, 310, 324

reactor, 89, 94 Hysteresis loss, 9, 23

Ideal transformei, 12 Ignitron, 240

Impedance, chaiacteristic, 145, 184 complex, 224 etiuivalent, 9, 192, 225 high, 2, 161, 2J5, 223 image, 184 level, 2, 145, 317 load, 2, 145, 155, 161, 310 low, 2, 217, 223 matching, 144 mid-series, 184 mid-shunt, ISl non-linear, 314 r-f choke, 232

ratio, 141, 166, 298, 319, 337

source, 2, 145, 294 Impregnation, coil, 49, 77, 84 Imjjulse ratio, 110, 133 Incremental pernuiability, 25, 89 Induced voltage, 5, 75

test, 109 Inductance, bridge, 95, 107

critical, 126, 241

decrease of, 216, 260

formulas, 76, 97, 171

increase of, 94, 274

leakage, 3, 74, 76, 121, 164, 196, 222,

224, 290, 311, 330, 335 non-linear, 89, 242, 260, 274, 344



Inductance, open-circuit (OCL), 11, 149, 174, 192, 224, 297, 300, 318, 322, 333, 342

r-f choke, 232

reactor, 61, 209, 338, 344

saturated, 274, 344 Induction (B), curve, 23, 24, 29

filter choke, 97, 188

400- and 800-cycle, 80

high-frequency, 216

Hipersil, 29, 34

maximum, 24, 89, 275, 310

modulation transformer, 198

pulse, 308

reactor, 88, 97, 188, 263, 388 residual, 23, 130, 310 shunt, 247

sihcon steel, 29, 34, 97 Inductive reactance {Хь), 117, 241 Inductor, see Reactor Initial conditions, 295, 312 Initial current, 315 Initial voltage, 295

distribution, 245 Input transformer, 175, 202 Instability, grid-controlled rectifier, 240 Insulating channel, 46 Insulation, class, 41, 50, 81

extension (margin), 48, 52

graded, 75

high-voltage, 46, 52, 246

layer, 37, 38, 77

leads, 40

life, 43

margin, 48

materials, 41

oil, 51, 68, 133

operating temperature, 43

pulse transformer, 310

reactor, 96, 103, 133, 200, 287, 338

test, 109, 326

thickness, 45, 77, 101, 172, 321 Interleaving coil, 75, 310, 321 I-f transformer, 231 Interstage transformer, 176, 196 Inverse feedback, 178, 209

Key-chck filter, 131 Keyed wave, 131 Keying filter, 96, 131

Lamination, 175, 211 shape, 17 size, 55

space factor, 31, 83 stack, 55

Lamination, thickness, 17, 31, 83

Large air gaps, 97

Law of cooling, 57

Layer insulation, 39, 77

Layer voltage, 75, 245

L-C filter, see Filter, reactor-input

Lead, anchoring, 40

location, 40, 311 Leakage flux, 6, 76, 164 Leakage inductance, see Inductance Leakage reactance, 11, 120, 147

drop, /X, 6, 108, 120 Line-matching transformer, 147, 175, 221 Line-voltage adjustment, 250 Linear sweep, 340 Litzendraht cable, 231 Load current, 6

rise, 315 Load line, amplifier, 157, 264 Load resistance, 134, 157, 197, 264 Load voltage, 7

Losses, 14, 55, 60, 81, 84; see also Core

loss and Copper loss Low-frequency response, 146, 194, 305

Magnetic amplifier, bias, 275 bistable, 270 circuits, 278 current, 261 design, 285 feedback, 268 graphical performance, 262 half-wave control, 282 limitations, 290 response time, 267, 282 self-saturated, 273, 278 simple, 259

transfer curves, 266, 269, 271, 280

voltage, 261 Magnetic field, 202 Magnetic path, see Flux path Magnetic shunts, 247 Magnetic terms, 23 Magnetization curves, 262 Magnetizing current, 9, 26, 130, 161, 199, 253, 299, 336

large, 11

non-linear, 199, 246

pulse transformer, 300, 303, 313, 336 Magnetizing force (Я), 10, 23, 89, 264 Magnetron, 315, 326, 332 Margin, coil, 46, 72, 80, 101, 222, 311 Maximum power transfer, 226, 235, 331 Mean length of turn, 38, 71, 77, 166 Median frequency, 148 Mica, 321



Microhenry, 228, 320 Microsecond, 293, 302, 319 Mid-series impedance, 184 Mid-shmit impedance, 184 Modulation, 192, 329

filter, 96, 130

reactor, 192

transformer, 192, 211 Modulator, 192, 332 Moisture, sealing against, 22 Mountings, 22

Multilayer winding, 173, 220, 245 Multiple-<f)il winding, 35 Multiple-tuned circuits, 227 Multiple-wound coil, 77 Multiwinding transformers, 53, 72 Mumetal, 34

Mutual (!onductan(e (г/), 144, 182

variable, 257 Mutual inductance, 224, 228 Mutual reactance, 225

NEMA radio influence test, 44 Natural frequency, see Resonance Nicaloi, 34

Nickel-iron alloy, 30, 33, 34, 175, 263, 286, 309 core loss, 188

maximum induction, 34, 97 No-load loss, 320 Non-linear load, 199, 315, 331 Non-symmetrical windings, 222, 311 Normal magnetization curve, 24, 286, 308 Normal permeability, 24, 308 Normalized transfer curve, 280

Oersted, 29, 34, 275 Oil insulation, 51, 68, 133 Open-circuit impedance, 302 Open-circuit inductance (OCL), see Inductance

Open-circuit reactance, 11, 147, 259 Open-circuit secondary, 147, 208, 249, 298

Open-delta connection, 84, 252 Operating temperature, 42 Oscillation, 179, 312

conditions for, 302

parasitic, 209

rectifier, 131, 240

superposed, 304, 314, 330, 333 Oscillator, transformer-coupled, 200, 212, 236

blocking, 329 Oscillatory circuit, pulse, 296, 300, 315, 325, 334

Oscillogram, кеусм! wave, 132

pulse, 304 Oscilloscope, 324, 327 Output power, 14, 139, 265 Overshoot voltage, 296, 303, 325

Pancake coils, 249 Parasitic oscillations, 209 Part coils, 79, 245 Partial resonance, 174, 307 Peak currtnt, 244

rectifier, 66, 82, 96, 127 Peak voltage, 241 Peaking transformer, 246 Pentode, 141, 167

amplifier transiormer, 168

characteristics, 169

distortion in, 170, 199

pulse amplifi(>r, 305 Permalloy, 34 Permeability (д), 24, 88

a-c, 26

d-c, 88

high-frequency, 217

incremental, 25, 89

pulse, 309, 323

various steels, 34 Phase angle, load, 194

transformer, 153, 255 Phase control, n;c1 ifier, 240

thyratron, 238 Phase-shift, amplifier, 180, 195

artificial line, 186

filter, 194

inverse feedback, 180 linear, 186

wave shape, 305, 331 Phase voltage, 121 Phases, effect on ripple, 114

power supply, ()2 Pi-filter, 183 Pic-section coils, 215

modulator, 191 Plate, see also entries tjeginning with. Anode Plate current, amplifier, 143, 166, 199

balance, 164

increase of, 166 Plate resistance, amplifier, 141, 160, 168, 182, 298

blocking os(;illator, 329

cathode followei-, 181

pentode, 169

sweep amplifier, 342 Plate transformer, center tap, 77, 113

thyratron, 237, 243

voltage drop, 78, 120



Plate voltage swing, 143, 160 Plate voltage wave form, 143 Polarity, voltage, 254 Polarity, winding, 13, 106, 260, 270, 327 Polyphase rectifiers, 135 Polyihase voltage unbalance, 84, 135, 252

Powdered iron v.ovc, 33, 191, 219 Power fact{)r, 14, 194 Power-line carrier, amplifier, 214

receiver, 258 Power Hue surges, 110, 132 Power supply frequency, 80, 118 Primary-primary coupling, 164 Pulse, blocking oscillator, 329

current, 306, 315

flat-top, 294, 297

front-edge, 295, 314, 318, 325

trailing-edge, 298, 330 Pulse duration, see Pulse width Pulse forming network (PFN), 331, 345 Pulse generator, magnetic, 344 Pulse inversion, 327 Pulse shape, see Pulse Pulse voltage, 317, 344 Pulse width, 294, 317, 344 Pulser, Hne-type, 331, 338 Push-pull amplifiers, 144, 163, 283

Q, 3, 106, 183, 188, 209, 338 air-core transformer, 227 filter reactor, 188 i-f coils, 231

R-f (;hoke, 233

R-f generator, 233

rt-f power supply, 235

Radio influence, 44, 205; see also Corona

Random winding, 35

Ratings, continuous, 53

intermittent, 56 Ratios, air gap/core length, 91

amplifier voltage, 144, 145, 149

current, 6

extension/thickness, of insulation, 52 filter reactances, 116 impedance, 102, 134, 300, 319, 337 reactance/resistance, В = Xc/Ri, 150 reactance/resistance, D = Xc/Ri, 159 reactance/resistance, Xy/R, 148, 255 reactance/resistance, X\/R2, 158 ripple amplitude, 117, 241 source/load resistance, 147, 175, 295 turns, 1, 5, 7, 105, 141, 147, 152, 170,

176, 248, 258, 266, 268, 282, 295,

302 311 331 342

Ratios, voltage, 5, 6, 145, 149, 317, 319 Reactance (Xl), 115, 147 choke, critical, 126, 241 R-C filter, 118

Rea(>tive voltage drop (IX), 3, 6, 7, 120 Reactor, air gap, 88, 101

a-c flux density, 89, 262

a-c volts, 88, 265, 338

capacitance, 103, 200

charging, 338

core length, 88

core size, 90

design, 91, 97, 188, 265, 288

dimensions, 99

direct current, 88, 261

d-c flux density, 88

energy, 90

flux swing, 94

frequency range, 190

hysteresis loop, 89, 94, 275

impedance, 233

in high-voltage lead, 118

incremental permeability, 89

inductance, 90, 137, 182, 188, 230, 274,

338 IR drop, 77

input-filter, 61, 112, 241

insulation, 96, 103, 133, 200, 287, 338

linear, 97, 99, 338, 344

losses, 182, 188, 233

magnetizing force 89, 275

maximum flux density, 94, 99, 262

modulation, 192, 209

Q, 3, 183, 188, 209, 338

r-f, 233

saturable, 242, 259, 344

satmation, 88, 96, 200, 274, 344

single-layer, 233

surges in, 131

swinging, 96, 135

tuned, 127, 135

turns, 88, 99, 265, 289

winding resistance, 90, 100, 259, 289 Receiver rectifier, 79, 254 Rectangular ]julse, 294 Rectifier, capacitor-input filters, 63, 82

chaiacteristic curve, 61

circuits, 62

current, 63, 127

current wave, J 25, 128

efficiency, 138

invers(! peak voltage, 62, 287 load current, 124 load resistance, 126 losses, 138

output voltage, 77, 111



Rectifier, peak current, 127, 241 peak plate current, 66 polyphase, 113

connections, 62

phase voltage balance, 84 power supply current, 128 re;i;ulation, 78, 120, 124 resistance, 61, 281, 287 ripple voltage, 114, 119

amplitude, 115

attenuation, 111 series resistance, 120, 126, 128 single-phase full-wave, 63, 77, 82, 113, 240, 255

single-phase half-wave, 63, 79, 111, 239 voltage, 62, 77 drop, 60, 120 full-wave, 113 half-wave. 111 polyphase, 113 Reflections, wave, 184 Regeneration, 179 Regulation, 3, 13, 78, 85 autotransformer, 250 rectifier, 77, 118 voltage, 252 Reinforced end-turns, 313 Reliability, importance of, 2 Remote cut-off, 256

Repetition rate {FliF), 293, 314, 317, 338

Reset core, 274, 310

Residual induction, 23, 130, 310

Resistance, bridge, 106

load, 199, 264 Resistance vs. temperature, copper, 108 Resonance, choke, 200

r-f, 233

frequency, air-core transformer, 226 frequency, filter, 134 pulser, 338, 344

transformer, 150, 159, 165, 174, 307

partial, 174, 314 Resonant circuit, 252, 331, 344 Resonant peaks, 233, 236, 338 RETMA, 110 Ripple, HI

current, 64, 124

voltage, 61, 115, 139, 241 Rms current, 15, 83

pulse, 321

rectifier, 62

Saturable reactor, 243, 344

Saturation, reactor, 88, 96, 260, 274, 344

Sawtooth transformer, 340

Scott connection, 252 Self-inductance, air-core coils, 224, 230

powdered-iron (юге, 231

single-layer coil, 230 Shell-type lamination, 17, 55 Shell-tvpe transformer, 17, 72, 164, 175,

205, 211, 219, 311 Shield, magnetic, 202

static, 204, 209, 220, 245

wire, 206 Short-circuit cunent, limiting, 248

rectifier, 120

test, 108 Short-circuit reactance, 11, 108 Short-circuit turns, 250 Sihcon steel, 27, 176, 211

core-loss, 27, 81, 188

maximum induction, 97

permeability, 30, 98

properties, 27, 34

saturation curve, 29, 262 Silicone, 43 Similitude, 102

Single-layer winding, 172, 219, 310 Single-phase rectifier, 63, 77, 111, 239, 255

Sinusoidal voltag(>, 6, 224, 276 Size, 3, 53, 149, 192, 224

autotransformer, 250

core, 85, 88, 198

400- and 800-cycle transformer, 80 Slope, front-edge, 316

pulse top, 297

sawtooth wave, 339

trailing-edge, 298, 329, 334 Solventless varnish, 50, 85, 311 Source impedance, 145, 294 Source resistance, 295, 313 Space (volume), 2, 22 Space factor, 31, 35 Spark gap, 133

Square wave, blocking o.scillator, 330 front, 294 test, 322

voltage, 294, 303, 325 Stacking dimension, 55, 72, 211 Standard test voltage, 109 Static shield, 204, 220, 245 Step-down transformer, 1, 152, 304 Step-up transformer, 1, 152, 221, 295 Surge voltag(!, 196, 243

pulse, 312

reactor, 103, 131, 209 Sweep circuit, 342 Sweep generator, 339 Symmetry, winding, 222, 311



Table, amplifier classes, 143 phase angle, 156 core steel properties, 34 current wave forms, 16 distortion, 160

800-cycle cores and insulation, 81 equivalent core gaps, 99 frequency response and wave shape, 307

harmonic magnetizing currents, 163 Hipersil core data, 31 paper-insulated coil data, 39 pulse winding capacitance, 311 radio influence voltage, 110 rectifier circuit data, 62 transfer curve, 281 transformer sizes, 85 wire sizes, 36

wire turns per square inch, 37 Tap-changing, 250 Taping, 46, 49

Telephone interference, 128, 205 Temperature, operating, 42 Temperature gradient, 55 Temperature rise, 22, 55, 59, 84 Terminal voltage, 9 Termination, filter, 184, 193 Test, amplifier, 208

corona, 44, 110, 327

d-(; resistance, 105, 322

insulation, 43, 109, 326

losses, 109, 313

OCL, 106, 322

polarity, 106, 327

pulse, 322

rectifier, 139

regulation, 107

temperature rise, 107

turns-ratio, 105, 322 Tetrode, 141

Thermal time constant, 56 Three-phase rectifier, 62 Three-phase transformer, 84 Thyratron, amplitude control, 239

critical grid voltage, 237

firing, 243, 332, 338 Thyratron transformer, 243 Time constant, front edge, 296, 303

thermal, 56

trailing edge, 298 Time delay, line, 186 Toroid, 192, 222, 285 Trailing-edge pulse, 298, 303, 320, 330, 334

Transient, amplifier, 164 backswing, 298

Transient, circuit response, 293

current, 96, 132

cyclic, 130

keying, 131

rectifier, 129, 133, 240

starting, 130, 134

voltage, 96, 131 Transistor, 170 Transmission band, 183 Transmission line, 133, 145, 294 Triode, 140

amplifier, 155

characteristics, 157

demodulation, 256

voltage gradients, 140 T-section filter, 182 Tuned amplifiei-, 142, 216 Tuning capacitors, 231 Turns per layer, 18, 77, 173 Turns-ratio bridge, 107 Two-dielectric effect, 45 Two-phase transformer, 84 Type С core, 18, 29, 75, 85, 99, 192, 321

Unbalanced direct current, 63, 166, 174 Undistorted power output (UFO), 147, 160

Unloaded transformer, 133, 147, 315, 325

Variable-mu, 256 Varnish, insulating, 50 VARS/lb, 26

Vector diagram, artificial line, 187 high magnetizing current, 11 rectifier phase control, 243, 254 resistive load, 7 Video frequencies, 223, 292 Voltage, high, 3, 46, 67, 133, 243, 313 operating, 46, 84 regulator, 252

rise, blocking oscillator, 330 pulse, 296, 303 reactor, 103, 131, 209 rectifier, 123, 287 stress, 311 Voltage change, rate of, 5, 276, 297 Voltage doublers, 67 Voltage droop, pulse, 299, 317 Voltage gradient, 140, 312

initial, 244, 312 Volt-ampere ratings, 53, 82, 85, 250 Volt-amperes, 14, 63, 80, 83, 234, 250 Volts per layer, 75, 245 Volts per turn, 5, 244, 264, 312



Wave filter, see Filter Wave form, current, 14, 198, 244, 261, 306, 315, 339 distortion, 105

voltage, 243, 255, 261, 273, 279, 303,

315, 339 Wave reflections, 184 Wave shape and frequency response, 2,

Wide-band transformers, 222 Winding, balance, 164, 209 bulge, 72

capacitance, 147, 171, 219, 245 height, 38, 72, 77 interleaving, 75, 319 IR drop, 3, 6, 7, 73, 78, 120, 290 polarity, 13, 106, 260, 270, 327

Winding, primary, 4

reactance, 6, 189, 251, 259 resistance, 6, 7, 73, 146, 149, 189, 220, 251, 259, 281, 289, 322 air-core tiansformer, 225 high-frequency, 221 pulse transformer, 294 rotation, 219 secondary, 4 traverse, 219, 222 Wire, 34, 85

insulation, 35, 37, 41 tables, 36, 37, 39 tolerance, 105 Wound core, 18

Zigzag (;onner! ions, 62, 118



ELECTRONIC

TRANSFORMERS AND CIRCUITS

Reuben Lee

Advisory Engineer

Westinghouse Electric Corporation

SECOND EDITION

NEW YORK JOHN WILEY & SONS, INC. LONDON CHAPMAN & HALL, LIMITED




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