INDEX

ас-ас converters 307, 317

applications 331-3 ас induction machines, simulations 860-2 ac-thyratron type trigger circuit 414-15 ac voltage controllers, applications 331 active-clamped resonant dc link inverter 296-7 active filters 204, 829-51 actuators 649

adjustable positive and negative linear voltage regulators 493

adjustable speed drives (ASDs) 225-7

air conditioner 800

ANN-based speed estimators 774-5

antilock breaking system (ABS) 797

antisaturation diodes 69

apphcation specific integrated circuits (ASICs) 222 artificial intelligence (AI) 764, 16-11

applications 773 artificial neural networks (ANNs) 770-5 ASVC 600

controUer design 609

main operating priciples 603-5

mathematical models 611-12, 622

modeling 605-6

proposed control block diagram 610-11

proposed control strategy 612-13

simulation results 613-14

steady state 606

three-level structure 620-5

transient state 606-7 audio susceptibUity 222 automotive applications 791-816

dual/high-voltage 808-12

environmental considerations 796-7

hghting 530

static voltage ranges 792-3

voltage specifications 810 auxUiary resonant commutated pole inverter 303-4 axial-airgap machines 808

baUasts see electronic baUasts

base resistance-controlled thyristor (BRT) 121-2

battery charging 541-5, 564-5 battery-powered electric vehicles 812 bidirectional control thyristor (BCT) 44-5 bidirectional converter 220-1 bifilar-type inverter circuit 719 bifilar wound motors 715 biphase half-wave rectifier 170 bipolar drive circuits 715 bipolar junction transistor (BJT)

apphcations 72-4

basic structure 64-5

buck chopper 72

circuits 71

current-voltage characteristic curves 66 Darlington-connected 66 operation 64-5

recommended base current 69

saturation protected by SIT 132-3

SPICE simulation 71-2

static characteristics 65-7

switching characteristics 68-9 bipolar mode of operation of SIT 130 bipolar PWM technique 232 bipolar transistors 3, 63-74 boost converter 337

control-to-output transfer function 223 breakdown voltage 15 bridge circuit 50 bridge rectifier 23

brushless dc motor (BDCM) drive 647-8, 784 brushless dc motor (BLDC) drive, hardware system 788-9

brushless dc operation of CSI driven motor 685-6 buck-boost converter 216-18, 337 buck converter 213, 337

transformer versions 214-15 buffer circuits for thyristors 419-21

cables 582-3, 653

capacitive-input dc filters 152-4

capacitor charging power supply (CCPS) 533-7

capacitors 601

see also specific types carrier-based pulsewidth modulation (PWM) technique 227-9

cascaded-type multilevel inverter 617

chopper-fed dc drive 74

chopping-mode control 725

clamped inductive load current 108

clamping diode in flyback converter 161-7

closed-loop control input-output decoupled form 452

closed-loop dc-dc converters 222

closed-loop observer-based flux and speed estimation 751-4

coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE) 33

collector-emitter blocking voltage 107

collector-emitter leakage current 108

collector-emitter saturation voltage 108

commutation 79, 188-90

company business cost 878, 881

component characterization map 873, 880

component grouping 880

computer analysis 596

computer simulation see simulation

constant frequency power supplies 332

constant-voltage constant-frequency inverter (UPS) 114

constraints 880

continuous collector current 107 continuous conduction mode (CCM) 213, 219 continuous-mode flyback regulators 496-8 control circuits 504-5

resonant converters 287-9 control law, sliding surface 451-2 control-to-output transfer function 222

boost converter 223

forward converter 222-3 converter bridges 583 converter transfer functions 435-8 converter transformer 581 converters 50

classification 272-3

dc drives 667-70

dc static 638

direct ac/ac 638

high-current apphcations 51

topologies 639

types 637-41

see also specific converters costs 877-81 example 879-81

high-vohage direct current (HVDC) transmission 575-7 partitioning 878 product business 878 production 877-8 CSIs 52, 225, 241-50, 638, 683-5

carrier-based PWM techniques 243-4 dc hnk vohage in three-phase 248-50

feedback techniques 254-6 feedforward techniques 252

regenerative operating mode in three-phase 259-60 selective harmonic elimination in three-phase 245-7 space-vector-based modulating techniques 247 space-vector transformation 247-8 square-wave operation of three-phase 244-5

Cu plated on ceramic (CuPC) 875

Cuk converter 218

cuk-converter 339, 343

current-amplification technique 378

current-controlled PWM rectifier 199

current control loop 839

current-fed resonant ballasts 514-15

current limiting 490-1

current-mode control 221

current ratings 18

current sensing 703-4

current source inverters see CSIs

current/torque control 699-700

current waveform 18, 22

cycloconverters 195, 316-26, 571, 638, 675 apphcations 331-3

circulating current-free operation 324

circulating-current operation 324-5

control scheme 321-4

effect of source impedance 325

forced-commutated 326

harmonics 324-5

input current waveform 324-5

input displacement/power factor 325

simulation analysis of performance 325

dc-ac utility inverters 50-1 dc cables 582-3 dc capacitor 840-1 dc choppers 212

dc-dc converters 211-24, 335-406

applications 223-4, 402

control principles 221-3

topology 223

see also specific types dc drives, converters 667-9 dc link current 231, 234-5

three-phase VSIs 239 dc hnk voltage control 199 dc machine torque control 736 dc motor drives 644-5, 665-70 dc ripple reinjection technique 191-2 dc smoothing reactor 582 dc switchgear 582 dead time 701-2 defuzzification 483-4, 784 delta-connected i-load 315 depletion-mode thyristor (DMT) 42

Diac trigger circuit 413-14 digital time control (DTC) 301-3 diode

applications 23

as switch 15

selection 23-4

types 17

see also specific types diode operation 20

circuit operation 21

mathematical analysis 21 diode parameters

ac 16

dc 15 diode ratings 17-19 diode rectifiers 139-65

current rating 168

low-voltage apphcations 168

reverse breakdown-voltage rating 168

with finite source inductance 147-8

see also specific types direct bonded copper (DBC) 876 direct switch matrix circuits 7 direct torque-controUed drives 743-5 direct transfer function (DTF) 329 direct vector control with airgap flux sensing 680-1 discharge lamps 507-11

design issues 525-7

high-frequency supply 513-16

high-intensity 797

modeling 516-19 discontinuous conduction mode (DCM) 214, 219 discontinuous-mode flyback regulators 495-6 DMOS transistor 134

double current synchronous rectifier dc/dc Luo-converter with

active clamp circuit 398-9 double output Luo-converter 339, 359-72 double output Luo elementary circuit 359-60 double output Luo quadruple-lift circuit 363 double output Luo re-lift circuit 360 double output Luo self-hft circuit 360 double output Luo triple-hft circuit 360-3 double star rectifier with interphase connection 186 drive characteristics 636-41 drive circuits 714-15 drive classifications 636-41 drive features 640 drive system integration 669-70 drive types and specifications 629-61

see also motor drives driver circuits

practical issues 427-9

thyristors 419-21 drivers for gate commutation switches 422 dual converters 194-5

dynamic braking energy 643-4

Ebers-MoU transistor model 72 eccentricity 756

electric drives, fuzzy logic 779-90 electric machines

ahernative 805-6

computer simulation 857-60 electric power conversion 2 electric vehicles 812-13 electromagnetic actuators 799-800 electromagnetic ballasts 511-13 electromagnetic compatibihty (EMC) 654, 793-4 electromagnetic interference 794-6 electromagnetic transient program (EMTP) 596 electromechanical engine valves 799-800 electromechanical power conversion 803-8 electronic ballasts 507-32

active solutions 528-9

apphcations 529-31

classification 514-16

general block diagram 513-14

high-power-factor 527-9

passive solutions 528

resonant inverters 519 electronic commutation 696-8 embedded converters 7 EMC/insulation/earthing 653-4 emergency lighting 530 EMI emission 293 EMI suppression 293 emitter-collector blocking voltage 107 emitter-switched thyristor (EST) 42 encoderless schemes 764 energy balance method 5-7 enhanced self-lift converter 344

extended-period quasi-resonant (EP-QR) converters 289-92

fall time 108 feedback techniques

CSls 254-6

VSls 252 feedforward techniques

CSls 252

VSls 250-2 field controUed thyristor (FCTh) 28, 43-4 field oriented (vector) control (FOC) 860 field weakening operation 685-6, 694 filter component design 292 filtering systems 150-4

harmonics of input current 152

ripple factor 151-2 filters 581-2

see also specific types fixed positive and negative linear voltage regulators 492-3

flat transformer synchronous rectifier dc/dc Luo-converter 398 flexible ac transmission systems (FACTS) 596 flyback converter 72, 217-18, 339-40

basic circuit 166

clamping diode in 161-7

discontinuous-mode operation 166, 167

practical circuit 166 flyback diodes 701-2 flyback rectifier diode 161-7 flying capacitors 617 flywheel diode 154-61 force-commutated inverter (FCI) 638-40 force-commutated rectifiers

new technologies and applications 204-9

series connection system with 206 force-commutated three-phase controlled rectifiers 196-209

basic topologies and characteristics 196 forward-bias safe operating area (FBSOA) 67, 108 forward conducting reverse-bioeking restricted switch 10 forward converter 74, 341

basic circuit 155

circuit diagram 214

continuous-mode operation 156, 164

control-to-output transfer function 222-3

discontinuous-mode operation 165

practical circuit 161

with practical transformer 157-61, 160

with snubber circuit 161-3 forward recovery time 16 forward rectifier diode 154-61 forward transconductance 108 forward voltage 15

four-quadrant dc/dc Luo-converter 376-7

four-quadrant switched-capacitor dc/dc Luo converter 380-6

four-quadrant switched-inductor dc/dc Luo-converter 389-90

four-quadrant ZCS quasi-resonant Luo-converter 393-4

four-quadrant ZVS quasi-resonant dc/dc Luo-converter 397

freewheeling diode 20

frequency link systems 204-5

fuel efficiency 809-10

full-bridge converter 215, 219

full-bridge regulators 502-4

full-bridge VSI 231-5

full cost 878

full-wave rectifier

with capacitor-input dc fiher 153

with inductor-input dc filter 151 fully controlled three-phase three-wire ac voltage controller 313-16

functional integration 872-4 fuzzification 482, 780-2 fuzzy inference engine 482, 783 fuzzy inference system (FIS) 780 fuzzy logic 771-2

electric drives 779-90

microprocessor controller 785

position controller 787

power converters 481-4

speed controller 785-6 fuzzy logic controller (FLC) 784

synthesis 482-4 fuzzy-neural, neural-fuzzy systems 772 fuzzy sets 482

gate commutation switches, drivers for 422 gate control Luo-resonator 401-2 gate drive circuits 407-29 GTO 427

gate drive circuits for power MOSFETs 422-5

gate-emitter threshold voltage 108

gate-emitter voltage 107

gate trigger circuits for thyristors 410-27

gate turn-off (GTO) thyristor 28, 55-61, 117, 136

see also GTOs

applications 61

asymmetrical 55

basic structure 55

four-transistor model 60

gate triggering characteristics 58

models 57

off-state characteristics 58 off-state period 60 on-state 59

on-state characteristics 57-8 one-dimensional two-transistor model 57 operation 55

rate of rise of off-state voltage 58 SPICE model 60 static characteristics 57-8 switch action 56 switching phases 59-60 symmetrical 55 genetic algorithms (GAs) 772-3

glass-epoxy with surface mount pads (FR-4, SMT) 875 Graetz bridge 187-8

grid connected photovoltaic systems 554-62 grid-connected wind energy systems 565-6 grounding 820-1

GTOs 30, 31, 34, 35, 38-41, 45, 48, 51-2 gate drive circuits 427 multicell model 49 turn-off mode 56, 59-60 turn-on mode 55-6, 59 two-transistor three-resistor model 48 V-I characteristics 58

half-bridge converter 215, 219, 340-1 half-bridge regulator 501-2 half-bridge VSI 227

half-controlled bridge converter 188 half-wave rectifier 5 HaU-effect switches 702-3

hard-switching pulsewidth modulated (PWM) converters 211 harmonic compensation 823 harmonic current limits 196 harmonic distortion 190-1, 196 harmonic elimination 245-7, 617-20

see also selective harmonic elimination harmonic filters 825-7 harmonic hmiting standards 527-8 harmonic reduction 191-2 harmonic standards 195-6 harmonics 175-6, 324-5, 821, 823-7 H-bridge switching 700

high-frequency diode rectifier circuits 154-68 high-frequency magnetic sahency 757-9 high-power applications 205-7

high-voltage dc power supply with charging resistor 533-4

high-voltage dc transmission systems see HVDC transmission

Hitachi drive 774

home hghting 530-1

Hong function 349

HVDC transmission 183, 575-97

applications 193-4, 579, 591-2

comparison with ac transmission 575-8

controls 583-9

converter station components 580-3 converter station design 592-5 costs 575-7 installations 576-7 monitoring of signals 588 protection 583-9

protection against overcurrents 588-9

protection against overvoltages 589

simulation techniques 595-6

technical considerations 578

transmission systems 50

types 579-80 hybrid electric vehicles 812-13 hybrid stepper motor 711-12 hybrid synchronous machines 807-8 hysteresis current control 252

IBM 1.8-V/200-A power supply 402-4

IEEE standards 827-8

IGBT 9, 41-3, 63, 75, 101-17

accuracy 113

applications 113-15

basic structure 102-4

circuit models 111, 113

components of on-state voltage drop 105

conventional gate drives 109

driver circuits 426

dynamic switching characteristics 105-7

equivalent circuits 104

fauh protection 110-11

forward characteristics 103

gate-drive circuits 109-10

gate-drive requirements 109-11

implementing into circuit simulator 112-13

input characteristics 112

latch-up parasitic thyristor 107

lifetime control techniques 106

nonpunch-through (NPT) 103-4

on-state voltage drop 107

operation 102-4

output characteristics 112

overview 101-2

performance parameters 107-9 punch-through (PT) 103 safe operating area (SOA) 108-9 static characteristics 104-5 symmetric half cell 112 transfer characteristics 103 turn-off characteristics 106-7 turn-on characteristics 105-6 welder 114 IGBT-triggered thyristor (ITT) 42-3

indirect rotor flux-oriented (IFOC) vector control 679-80 indirect switch matrix circuits 7 indirect transfer function (ITF) 329 induction machines 806 vector control 736-9 induction motor drives 645-6, 670-81 inductive-input dc filters 150-1, 153 inductive load switching characteristics 68 industrial lighting 530-1 industrial processes 658 inference engine see fuzzy inference engine INFORM technique 757 inner current/torque loop 707 input capacitance 108 input power 7

input-to-output (or line-to-output) voltage transfer function 222

inrush current 154

insulated gate bipolar transistor see IGBT insulated metal substrate-polymer on metal (MS-PM) 875

insulated metal substrate-steel corded (IMS-PS) 875-6

integral controUer 708

integrated circuit voltage regulators 492-4

integrated motors 649-50

inteUigent module 418

inverters 225-69

closed-loop operation 250-6

grid-connected apphcations 554-62

stand-alone PV systems 545-7 topology types for SR motors 719 see also specific inverters inverting mode 173-4

junction temperature 108

Kirchhoffs current law (KCL) 8-9 Kirchhoffs voltage law (KVL) 5, 8-9

lag compensation 439 laminated bus-bar 876

lateral punch-through transistors (LPTT) 127, 132 lead compensation 439 leakage inductance, rotor dependency of 760 light-emitting diode (LED) 17

line-commutated controlled rectifiers 169-75, 183-5, 192-3

harmonics 175-6 line-commutated inverter 555-6 linear feedback design 439 linear 1С vohage regulators 494 linear motors 648

linear series voltage regulator 488-91

linear shunt voltage regulator 491-2

linearized state-space averaged model 435

linguistic control rules 483

linguistic variables 482

load balancing 601

load-commutated inverter 638

load-phase voltages in three-phase VSIs 240-1

load profiles and characteristics 641-4

load resonant converters (LRCs) 284-7

locomotive drives 181

lookup table construction 484

lossless filters 12

Lundell alternator 803

machine drives 192-3, 207 magnetic-reset clamping diode 154-61 marine industry 634, 659 material cost 877 MathCAD 853

mathematical models 611-12, 622, 746 matrix converter 7, 327-31, 638 apphcations 333

commutation and protection issues 330-1

operation and control methods 328-30 maximum allowable surge current 154 maximum power dissipation 108 maximum-power-point-tracking (MPPT) 544-5 maximum torque per ampere (MTPA) characteristic 693-4 MCTs 28, 41, 75, 117-25

comparison of other power devices 119-20

equivalent circuit 118-19

gate drive 120

generation-1 121

generation-2 121

N-channel 121

overcurrent protection 120

overview 117-18

paralleling 120

power circuit 122, 123

protection 120

simulation model 121

snubbers 120

soft-switching 122-3

switching characteristics 118-19

turn-off 119, 123

turn-on 119, 123 membership functions 482-3 metal industry 635, 658-9

metal-oxide-semiconductor (MOS) technology 80

see also MCTs microprocessor-based hghting 531 microprocessor controller, fuzzy logic 785 microstepping 716 Miller theorem 85 mining industry 634, 657-8 MIT 42/14-V 3-kW dc/dc converter 402 molded interconnect device (MID) 876 monitored stator currents 756 monitored stator voltages 755-6 MOS-BJT technology integration 99 MOS controlled thyristors (MCTs) see MCTs MOS power transistors 134-5 MOS turn-off (MTO) thyristor 122 MOSFET 3, 4, 10, 28, 42, 63-4, 75-99, 117

capacitance parameters 94, 97

characteristics curve 84

drain-to-source current 91

driver circuits 425-6

equivalent circuit 86, 91, 92

equivalent representation 83

gate current 86, 88, 89

gate drive circuits 422-5

gate voltage 89

input transfer characteristics 84, 89 internal body diode 82 internal capacitors 82-3 large signal model 84, 94-6 limitations 85 off-state 87

on-state resistance 81-2 overview 80 parameters 95 parasitic capacitance 83 PSPICE model 93-6 regions of operation 83-93

safe operation area (SOA) 92-3 simplified representation 82 small signal equivalent circuit 85, 96 static model 93-4 structure 81-3

switching characteristics 85-6

turn-off characteristics 90-2

turn-on characteristics 86-90

turn-on switching waveforms 88, 90

vertical cross-sectional view 82 motion control DSPS 766 motor control 51-2 motor drives 663-733 motor insulation 654 motor speed control 800 MRAS-based flux and speed estimation 754 multiceU topologies 260-4 multUevel converters 599-627

output voltage control 477-9 multUevel inverters 614-17

on-hne output current control 479-81

structures 615-17

with transformer 615 multUevel topologies, VSls 264 multiple-quadrant operating Luo-converters 372-7 multiplexed load control 801-2 multiquadrant operation 643

multiquadrant ZCS quasi-resonant Luo-converters 390-4

multiquadrant ZCS/ZVS quasi-resonant converters (QRC) 336

multiquadrant ZVS quasi-resonant Luo-converters 394-7

muhiresonant converters (MRC) 280-2, 287

multistack variable-reluctance stepper motor 711

multistage inverters 260-7

muhiterminal dc systems (MTDC) 589-91

naturally commutated cycloconverter (NCC), interties

between ac power systems 333 negative output Luo-converters 338, 353-9 negative output Luo elementary circuit 353-7 negative output Luo quadruple-hft circuit 357-8 negative output Luo self-lift converter 343 negative output Luo triple-lift circuit 355-7 neural-network-based speed estimators 774-5 neutral-point-clamped inverter 615-17 NMOSFET 118, 121

nondissipative active clamp network 283

nonresonant ballasts 514

normalized sampling frequency 239, 248

open-loop acceleration-deceleration profiles 717 open-loop dc-dc converters 222 open-loop dynamic line regulation 222 open-loop dynamic load regulation 222 open-loop flux estimators 746-9

open-loop input impedance 222 open-loop speed estimators 749-51 optically gated thyristors 44 optimization, partitioning 880-1 output capacitance 108 output line reactor 655 output power 7 overcurrent protection 120 overload protection 490-1 overvoltages 19-20

packaging 871-82

continuum 871

levels 874-5

power diode 16

thyristors 32-3 paraUel-loaded resonant circuit 523-4 parallel resonant converters (PRCs) 285-7

continuous conduction mode 285-7

discontinuous conduction mode 285 parasitic transistor 107 parasitics 218-20 partitioning 871-2

aids 878-9

constraints 880

cost 878

optimization 880-1 steps 873-4 technologies 874-7 passive filters 845

peak coUector repetitive current 107 peak inverse voltage (PIV) 141 peak repetitive forward current 141 peak-to-peak ripple voltage 219 permanent-magnet ac machines 695 permanent-magnet ac synchronous motor drives 689-94 permanent-magnet BLDC machines 695 permanent-magnet BLDC motor

drives 694-704

sensorless operation 691 permanent-magnet machines 740-3 permanent-magnet sine-wave motor 691-4

control 692-3

operating modes 693-4 permanent-magnet stepper motor 712 permanent-magnet synchronous machines 695, 739-43,

807-8 phase control 11

phase-controUed single-phase ac voltage controller 308-11

phase-controlled three-phase ac voltage controller 312-13 phase-shifted converter 278 phase-shifted ZVT FB circuit 287-9 photodiode 17

photovoltaic-diesel hybrid energy systems 551-3 photovoltaic power systems 540-62

types 541-7 piezoelectric ultrasonic actuators 798-9 PMCT

apphcations 122-4

specifications 124 PMOSFT 118

PMP voltage waveform 655-6 PN junction 15

polyphase diode rectifiers 148-50 polyphase rectifiers, critical inductance 151 portable hghting 529-30 position controller, fuzzy logic 787 position sensing 726-7

positive output Luo-converters 337-53, 345-9 positive output Luo elementary circuit 345 positive output Luo quadruple-lift circuit 346-7 positive output Luo self-hft circuit 345 positive output Luo self-hft converter 341-2 positive output Luo triple-lift circuit 346 power converters 481-4

constant-frequency operation 454

constant-frequency sliding-mode 460

continuous control inputs 454-81

control methods 431-86

examples 4-7

fuzzy logic control 481-4

output voltage control 458-9

shding-mode control 450-81

state-space averaged models 432-50

steady-state error elimination 454-81 power devices, future trends 98-9 power diode 15-25

packaging 16

series and parallel connection 19

symbol 16

see also diode power electric control 805 power electronic circuits 2, 5, 96

classes 7 power electronics 2, 4

ahernative 805-6

apphcations-driven 2

defined 1-2

device comparison 96-8 device-driven 2 efficiency objective 2-3 history 1

key characteristics 2-3

reliability objective 3 Power Electronics Building Block (PEBB) 115 power factor 190

single-phase line-commutated rectifiers 175

power factor correction (PFC) 224, 600 power operational amplifier

fixed frequency operation 459-60

short-circuit protection 459-60 power quality 817-28

monitoring and measurement 823 power steering systems 800 power supphes 487-506

trends 3-4 process industries 634-5 product business cost 878 product modularization 872 production cost 877-8 proportional controller 707 proportional-integral compensation 439 proportional-integral derivative (PID), plus high-frequency

poles 439-50 protection requirements 120, 330-1, 490-1, 846-7 PSPICE model 47-50, 620, 853-7, 860, 862-7

MOSFET 93-6 PSPICE simulation 22, 139, 154, 161

waveforms 98 pulse density modulation (PDM) 124 pulse-width modulation see PWM punch-through emitter (PTE) 127 push-pull converter 215, 219 PWM 11, 177-8, 212, 504-5

ac choppers 312

audio amplifier modeling 466

sigma delta controUed 467-9 audio power amphfiers 465-6 boost rectifier, modeling 469-70 control for harmonics ehmination 618-20 converter 111 drivers 222

incandescent lighting 798 inverter 52

phase-to-phase and phase-to-neutral voltages 198-9 programmed control 620 rectifier 470-4

shding-mode control 470-4 switching converter drive 668-9 techniques 653 transfer functions 438-9 voltage waveform 653 voltage-source inverter 842-3 VSI converter 641 VSI drives 650-7

supply front end 656-7 waveform 653-4

quantization levels 482

quasi-resonant converters (QRCs) 123-4, 273-6, 287

quasi-resonant soft-switched inverter 299-301 digital time control 301-3

i-load 317

RC trigger circuits 411-13

ac-type 411-12

full-wave type 412-13

half-wave type 412 reactive power 582, 599, 823

phenomena and their compensation 600-3 rectification 23

rectifier circuits, design considerations 167-8 rectifier diodes 24 regeneration inverters 256-60 regenerative braking 656-7 reluctance machines 806-7 renewable energy sources 539-73 resistance trigger circuits 410-11 resistive load dynamic response 68 resonance 824-5 resonance charging 534-5 resonant ballasts 514 resonant converters 123-4, 211

control circuits 287-9 resonant dc link inverter 295-6

low vohage stress 297-8 resonant pole inverter 303-4 resonant switch 272-3 restricted switches 9-10

types 11

reverse-bias safe operating area (RBSOA) 67, 108 reverse Cuk self-lift converter 341-2 reverse current 15

reverse positive output Luo self-lift converter 342

reverse recovery 19-20

reverse recovery time 16

reverse transfer capacitance 108

ripple factor, filtering systems 151-2

ripple fiher 844

ripple voltage 219

rise time 108

iL-load 317-19

roUer coaster 660

rotor position dependency of leakage inductance 760 rotor slot harmonics 755

safe operating area (SOA) 63, 67, 108-9 saliency effects 755-60

introduced by special rotor construction 759-60 saturation induced saliences 757 Schottky diodes 157, 159 SCRs 28, 30, 31, 35, 37-41, 117, 135-6

two-transistor three-resistor model 48

selective harmonic elimination 229-31, 232

technique 226

three-phase VSls 237 self-commutated inverter 556-7 self-lift dc/dc converters 341-4 semiconductor devices 9

development 75 semiconductor power integrated circuits 875-7 semiconductor switches 700 sensorless ac drives 745-66 series active power filters 841-50

series connection system with force-commutated rectifiers 206

series-loaded resonant circuit 522-3 series-paraUel loaded resonant circuit 524-5 series-paraUel resonant converter 287 series resonant converters (SRCs) 284

continuous conduction mode 284-5

discontinuous conduction mode 284 servo control-loop, design issues 707-10 servo drives 704-10

performance criteria 705

sensors 707 servo motors 705-7 shaft sensors 705-7 Shinkansen train 181 shunt active power filters 830-41 sUicon controlled rectifier see SCRs silicon rectifier diode 17

simplified double output Luo-converters 366-72 simplified double output Luo quadruple-lift circuit 368-72

simplified double output Luo re-hft circuit 366-8 simplified double output Luo self-hft circuit 366 simplified double output Luo triple-hft circuit 368 simplified drive representations and control 708-10 simplified positive output Luo-converters 350-3 simplified positive output Luo quadruple-lift circuit 353 simplified positive output Luo re-lift circuit 350 simplified positive output Luo self-lift circuit 350 simplified positive output Luo self-lift converter 342 simplified positive output Luo triple-lift circuit 350 Simplorer 867-8 simulation 853-69

ac induction machines 860-2

electric machines 857-60

HVDC 595-6

power electronic circuits 857-60 sensorless vector control 862-7 tools 853-4 sine-wave filter 655

single-ended isolated flyback regulators 494-8 single-ended isolated forward regulators 498-500 single-phase ac/ac voltage controller 307-12

ON/OFF control 311-12 single-phase boost rectifier 176-8, 180 single-phase bridge rectifier 170-1

input current analysis 171-2

power factor 172-3 single-phase controlled PWM rectifier, bridge connection 180-1

single-phase controlled rectifiers 50, 169-82

apphcations 174-5

see also specific types single-phase diode rectifiers 139-41

current relationships 142

design 144

form factor 142

harmonics 143

performance parameters 141-4

rectification ratio 142

ripple factor 142-3

transformer utihzation factor 143

voltage relationships 141-2 single-phase full-wave rectifiers 140-1

critical inductance 151 single-phase half-wave rectifiers 139-40, 169-70 single-phase line-commutated rectifiers, power factor 175 single-phase multilevel converters

output current control 476-7

output voltage control 475-6 single-phase PWM rectifier in bridge connection 179-80 single-phase/single-phase cycloconverter 316-18 single-phase voltage source inverters 227-35 single-pulse mode control 725-6 single-stack variable-reluctance stepper motor 710-11 single-switch circuits 4-5 single thyristor rectifier 170

sinusoidal pulsewidth modulation (SPWM) 202, 207, 226, 235-7

inverter drive 673-5 six-phase parallel bridge rectifier 149-50 six-phase series bridge rectifier 149 six-phase star rectifier 148-9 six-pulse (double star) rectifier 185 six-step switching 697-8 sliding-mode control

existence condition 453

power converters 450-81

pulse width modulation audio power amphfiers

465-6 PWM rectifier 470-4 reaching condition 453 robustness 453-4 stabihty 453

switching law 453, 474-5 shding surface 451-2 slip power control 671-3

slip power recovery converter 640-1

slip-ring (wound-rotor) induction motor drive 646

small signal diode 17

smart power 418, 871-82

smoothing capacitor 702

snubber circuits 19, 45, 71, 120, 161-3, 168, 293-4, 580 soft-switching 293

converters 122-3, 211

dc-ac power inverters 294-304

high power devices 293-4 solar water pumping 547-51 solid-state baUasts see electronic baUasts space-charge limiting load (SCLL) 127, 134 space-vector modulating techniques 238-9 space-vector sequences 239, 248 space-vector technique 226 space-vector transformation 238-9 special motor drives 647 speed controUer, fuzzy logic 785-6 SPICE model 60, 71 split dc suply inverter circuit 720 square-pulse current waveform 723-4 square-wave inverter 52 square-wave modulating technique 229 square-wave operation of three-phase VSIs 237 squirrel-cage induction motor 645-6 star-connected load with isolated neutral 313-16 state-space modeling 432-50 static induction devices 127-36

emitters 130-1

theory 127-8 static induction diodes 127, 131-2 static induction MOS transistors (SIMOS) 127, 133-4 static induction thyristor (SITh) 28, 43-4, 135-6 static induction transistor logic (SITL) 127, 132 static induction transistors (SIT) 127

BJT saturation protection 132-3

characteristics 128-9

logic circuit 133

potential distribution 128, 131 static VAR generation 332 stator voltage control 671

steady-state equivalent-circuit representation 681-2 steady-state voltage frequency and magnitude 818 step-down choppers 223 step-down dc-dc converters 213-15 step-up (boost) converter 215-16 stepper motors 648-9, 710-17 subsea separation and injection system 659 supersynchronous cascade 193, 195 surface-magnet synchronous motor 690 SVM method 329 switch matrix 7-8 hardware task 8